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The soccer player study is often heralded as the proof that yohimbine supplementation causes significant fat loss without any side-effects or loss of muscle mass or performance. However, this study has several major limitations.
1. There was no diet control during the actual study period, only before the tests, so the fat loss effect could be entirely explained a by a reduced caloric intake as a result of yohimbine’s appetite suppression. Then again, yohimbine’s appetite suppression has never been documented in human research.
2. This study used a formula to estimate body fat percentage from skinfold measures that has been shown to underestimate body fat percentage in trained individuals with moderate reliability and its estimation of fat-free mass based on that figure has been shown to be highly unreliable. This unreliability is increased by the fact that yohimbine is a diuretic and makes you urinate more, making it very unlikely that the formula accurately distinguished between lean body mass in the form of muscle tissue and lean body mass in the form of water. Since the subjects actually gained weight during the study, that makes the inference that they were losing fat very dubious.
3. A placebo control isn’t very useful when yohimbine is so obviously felt. The soccer players may have thought they were given a performance enhancing drug, which could still have caused a placebo effect in comparison to the placebo group.
4. Finally, it’s worth noting that the sole author from Serbia and Montenegro did not disclose his affiliations or funding source other than that the supplement was provided by Lama Inc".