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Biochemical and Molecular Actions of Nutrients
Dietary L-Arginine Supplementation Reduces Fat Mass in Zucker Diabetic
Fatty Rats1
Wenjiang J. Fu,*† Tony E. Haynes,* Ripla Kohli,* Jianbo Hu,** Wenjuan Shi,*
Thomas E. Spencer,** Raymond J. Carroll,*† Cynthia J. Meininger,‡ and Guoyao Wu* **‡2
*Faculty of Nutrition, †Department of Statistics, and **Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University
and ‡Department of Medical Physiology, The Texas A&M University System Health Science Center,
College Station, TX 77843
ABSTRACT This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that dietary supplementation of arginine, the
physiologic precursor of nitric oxide (NO), reduces fat mass in the Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat, a genetically
obese animal model of type-II diabetes mellitus. Male ZDF rats, 9 wk old, were pair-fed Purina 5008 diet and
received drinking water containing arginine-HCl (1.51%) or alanine (2.55%, isonitrogenous control) for 10 wk.
Serum concentrations of arginine and NOx (oxidation products of NO) were 261 and 70% higher, respectively, in
arginine-supplemented rats than in control rats. The body weights of arginine-treated rats were 6, 10, and 16%
lower at wk 4, 7, and 10 after the treatment initiation, respectively, compared with control rats. Arginine supplementation
reduced the weight of abdominal (retroperitoneal) and epididymal adipose tissues (45 and 25%,
respectively) as well as serum concentrations of glucose (25%), triglycerides (23%), FFA (27%), homocysteine
(26%), dimethylarginines (18–21%), and leptin (32%). The arginine treatment enhanced NO production (71–85%),
lipolysis (22–24%), and the oxidation of glucose (34–36%) and octanoate (40–43%) in abdominal and epididymal
adipose tissues. Results of the microarray analysis indicated that arginine supplementation increased adipose
tissue expression of key genes responsible for fatty acid and glucose oxidation: NO synthase-1 (145%), heme
oxygenase-3 (789%), AMP-activated protein kinase (123%), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
coactivator-1 (500%). The induction of these genes was verified by real-time RT-PCR analysis. In sum, arginine
treatment may provide a potentially novel and useful means to enhance NO synthesis and reduce fat mass in obese
subjects with type-II diabetes mellitus. J. Nutr. 135: 714–721, 2005.
KEY WORDS: ● arginine ● nitric oxide ● obesity ● diabetes ● gene
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Zmieniony przez - Grasik w dniu 2006-10-23 22:56:57